With DSS, you can fully calibrate your images with Darks, Flats, Dark Flats, and Bias calibration frames for the best results possible.
Macs and stacks software#
This is a stronger property because every PRF is UF-CMA (you can't guess a big random number), but not every UF-CMA MAC algorithm is a PRF (it's possible that for some MAC algorithm, all the tags begin with 10 zeroes - not very random-looking at all, but the other bits could still be hard to guess without knowing the key). Deep Sky Stacker, better known as DSS, is arguably one of the most widely used software to calibrate and stack astrophotography images.
This means that if Eve doesn't know the key, then all of Bob's HMAC tags look like completely random strings of bits, even if Eve knows or even chooses what messages Bob sends. In addition to being unforgeable under chosen-message attacks (UF-CMA), HMAC has the stronger property of being a pseudo-random function (PRF). This should even be true if Eve can convince Bob to send specific messages.įor example, pretend Eve tells Bob to send the message:Įve should still be unable to "fake" the tag for the message: Let's say that Alice and Bob share a secret MAC key (which they use when sending messages to each other), and that Eve is spying on them and sees both their messages and the corresponding tags.Įve should not be able to use what she learns to fake valid tags. Browse burger & sandwiches to discover affordable meal options like the Stackburger or Grilled Chicken. MAC algorithms should have the security property of being unforgeable under chosen-message attacks. Let Dairy Queen show you how Happy Tastes Good. There are other ways of constructing MAC algorithms CMAC, for example, is a recipe for turning a blockcipher into a MAC (giving us CMAC-AES, CMAC-DES, CMAC-PRINCE, and the like). So HMAC-MD5 and HMAC-SHA256 are specific MAC algorithms, just like QuickSort is a specific sorting algorithm. But despite that, all it takes is using any other OS side-by-side with a Mac to show just how much nicer the experience is with Apple. We often complain about small issues with the OS, or how we wish it would handle certain things differently. HMAC is a recipe for turning hash functions (such as MD5 or SHA256) into MACs. But using a Mac again just once always pulls me right back in and I cant touch anything else. The term "MAC" can refer to the string of bits (also called a "tag") or to the algorithm used to generate the tag. (At least, if someone does tamper with a message, this can be detected by checking to see if the MAC is right.) This allows two people who share a secret key to send messages to each without fear that someone else will tamper with the messages.
No one should be able to compute a MAC without knowing the key.
Macs and stacks windows#
The MAC depends on the message itself and a secret key. Im primarily working on a Windows stack, and weve been using VanDyke VShell as our SFTP server of choice for a number of years. Or Control-click the desktop, choose Group Stacks By, then choose an option. On your Mac, click the desktop, choose View > Group Stacks By, then choose an option.
Macs and stacks code#
A Message Authentication Code (MAC) is a string of bits that is sent alongside a message. You can group stacks by kind (such as images or PDFs), date (such as the date a file was last opened or created), or Finder tags.
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